




In a marketing environment defined by fragmented channels, rising competition, and constant market shifts, teams need more than performance metrics. They need marketing intelligence that connects internal data with external signals to guide real decisions.Â
‍This guide breaks down what marketing intelligence is and how to use data to build out your marketing intelligence strategy, outsmart competitors, and drive measurable business impact.
Marketing intelligence is the process of gathering, standardizing, and analyzing both internal performance data and external market and competitive data to support real marketing decisions.Â
Not just what to optimize, but where to play, where to pull back, and how to respond when the market shifts.

This distinction matters, because marketing intelligence is frequently confused with adjacent disciplines.
Marketing intelligence sits at the intersection of the two. It connects performance metrics with customer behavior, product signals, and competitor activity.Â
It answers questions like: Why did this channel suddenly become more expensive? Which segment is quietly being captured by a competitor? Where is the market overserved, and where is it being ignored?
Marketing intelligence gives teams a way to move from isolated metrics to informed decisions, and from reactive optimization to proactive strategy.
A useful way to organize marketing intelligence is around four distinct but connected pillars. Together, they create a more complete view of how your marketing is performing, how your audience is behaving, and how the market around you is evolving.
Performance intelligence is the most familiar pillar. It covers campaign and channel data, including spend, ROAS, conversion rates, and cost efficiency. This data tells you what is working right now and where budgets are being over or underutilized.Â
Customer intelligence focuses on how real people move through your funnel and lifecycle. This includes behavioral data, engagement patterns, preferences, retention signals, and churn indicators. It helps answer questions about who is responding to your marketing, who is dropping off, and why.Â
Product and offering intelligence connects marketing to what you actually sell. It looks at product usage, feature adoption, customer feedback, and how your offering is perceived relative to alternatives.Â
Competitive and market intelligence brings external context into the picture. It tracks competitor behavior, category trends, pricing shifts, and emerging white space.Â
This pillar helps teams understand whether performance changes are driven by internal execution or by broader market forces, allowing marketing to respond strategically and use marketing intelligence to beat competitors.Â

A repeatable marketing intelligence process ensures intelligence moves from raw inputs to real decisions, and back again, as part of an ongoing strategic loop.
The workflow starts with the questions, not the data.Â
Effective marketing intelligence is driven by specific, decision-oriented questions such as which competitor is gaining share in a key channel, or which customer segment is being underserved.Â
These questions anchor the entire process and prevent teams from chasing metrics that look interesting but do not influence strategy.
Once the questions are defined, teams can identify the data needed to answer them. This typically includes internal sources like analytics and ad platform performance, alongside external inputs such as market research, social listening, and competitor signals.Â
Raw data is rarely comparable out of the box. Normalization ensures consistent definitions, timeframes, and metrics across sources, while synthesis brings disparate data into a central view. This step is critical for turning fragmented inputs into a coherent intelligence foundation.
Insight generation is where patterns emerge. This might reveal that a competitor has quietly reduced spend in a channel, or that a segment is saturated with similar messaging. These insights explain the “why” behind performance changes and highlight opportunities or risks.
Insights only matter if they drive decisions. At this stage, marketing adjusts budgets, creative, targeting, or go-to-market strategy based on what the intelligence reveals. Alignment across teams ensures changes are intentional and measurable.
Finally, teams track the impact of their actions. Results feed back into the intelligence process, refining future questions and enabling continuous adaptation as market conditions evolve.
Marketing intelligence earns its place when it directly informs decisions. The value is not in knowing more, but in acting differently and with greater confidence.Â
Here are four marketing intelligence use cases for marketers:Â
One of the most immediate applications of marketing intelligence is channel optimization. When intelligence reveals that a competitor is reducing spend or exiting a channel, it creates an opportunity to test increased investment at potentially lower cost.Â
Instead of reacting to rising or falling performance in isolation, teams can make proactive budget shifts informed by competitive marketing intelligence and measure whether the move delivers incremental gains.
Intelligence also surfaces opportunities that are easy to miss when focusing only on aggregate metrics. By combining customer behavior, performance data, and market signals, teams can identify nuanced segments that are underserved or overlooked.Â
Marketing can then tailor messaging, creative, and product positioning to those audiences and use attribution to track whether engagement and conversion improve relative to baseline.
Attribution data rarely tells the full story on its own. Marketing intelligence provides the context needed to interpret changes in performance.Â
A spike in costs or a drop in conversion may be driven by external factors such as a competitor campaign or a broader market shift. Intelligence helps teams distinguish between internal execution issues and external pressure, allowing them to adjust models, expectations, and strategy accordingly.
Beyond growth, marketing intelligence supports risk management. Early signals around regulatory changes, platform policy shifts, or macroeconomic trends give teams time to adapt positioning, messaging, or channel mix.Â
By spotting these signals early, marketing can reduce exposure and maintain stability while competitors scramble to react.
Tools, roles, and governance determine whether marketing intelligence becomes a repeatable capability or a one-off analysis that never scales.Â
Marketing intelligence typically sits on top of a shared data foundation. This often includes a data warehouse or lake to centralize internal and external data, supported by ETL tools to keep data fresh and consistent.Â
BI and dashboarding tools make insights accessible to marketers and leaders, while real-time alerts can surface sudden shifts in performance or competitive activity.Â
In some cases, dedicated competitor intelligence platforms add structured external signals, but they should complement, not replace, core data infrastructure.
Clear ownership is critical. Someone must be responsible for maintaining the intelligence pipeline, often a combination of data engineers, analysts, and marketing stakeholders.Â
Equally important is governance. Teams need defined review cadences, shared definitions, and clarity on who has the authority to act on insights. Without this, intelligence risks becoming informational rather than actionable.
Marketing intelligence relies on trust, which comes from data quality and ethical practices. Teams must ensure consistent definitions, reliable sources, and compliance with privacy and platform rules when using external or competitor data.Â
Ethical boundaries matter: intelligence should inform strategy without crossing into deceptive or non-compliant behavior. A disciplined approach protects both credibility and long-term effectiveness.
| Challenge | Best Practice |
|---|---|
| Collecting data without insight | Every intelligence output should answer a clear question and recommend a next step. |
| Over-investing in tools | Tools should support a defined intelligence process and integrate with marketing ops. |
| Relying only on historical data | Use forward-looking indicators to keep intelligence timely and relevant. |
| Separating intelligence from execution | Intelligence should feed directly into planning, optimization, and measurement loops. |
| Misalignment with business goals | Align intelligence to KPIs so insights are prioritized, acted upon, and valued. |
Marketing intelligence often fails not because teams lack data, but because the data is poorly integrated into how decisions are actually made.Â
Recognizing the most common marketing intelligence pitfalls can help teams avoid wasted effort and build intelligence that drives real impact.
One of the most common mistakes is treating data collection as the end goal. Teams gather metrics, build dashboards, and surface interesting observations, but stop short of generating clear insights or recommended actions.Â
To avoid this, every intelligence output should explicitly answer a question and suggest a decision or next step.
Another pitfall is investing heavily in technology before defining which intelligence is needed. Without clear questions and workflows, even the most advanced tools become underused.Â
Tools should support a defined intelligence process and integrate directly with marketing operations, not exist as standalone reporting layers.
Historical performance data is valuable, but it is inherently backward-looking. Teams that rely solely on past results risk missing emerging trends, competitive shifts, or early warning signals.Â
Incorporating forward-looking indicators such as data-driven market intelligence, competitor behavior, and customer sentiment helps intelligence stay relevant.
When intelligence is treated as separate from attribution or campaign execution, it loses influence. Intelligence should feed directly into planning, optimization, and measurement loops.Â
This integration ensures insights are tested, validated, and refined through real performance outcomes.
Finally, intelligence that is not tied to measurable business goals struggles to gain traction. Aligning intelligence efforts with clear KPIs and strategic objectives ensures insights are prioritized, acted upon, and valued by leadership.
Consider a mid-stage B2B SaaS company operating in a competitive category where paid search has historically been expensive and crowded.Â
Performance data alone shows rising costs and flattening returns, but marketing intelligence adds crucial context. By monitoring competitor activity alongside internal performance, the team notices a quiet shift: several key competitors have reduced paid search spend specifically in the mid-market segment.
Rather than treating this as a coincidence, the team frames it as an intelligence signal. They reallocate budget into that segment, pair it with sharper product messaging tailored to mid-market needs, and closely monitor results through their attribution system.Â
Over the following weeks, conversion rates improve, cost efficiency increases, and the company sees an 18% lift in MQLs from the segment, along with stronger ROAS.
Attribution confirms that the gains are incremental, not simply the result of seasonal demand. With that validation, the team doubles down, continues to monitor competitor behavior, and refines messaging as conditions evolve.Â
‍The result is not just a short-term performance win, but a repeatable intelligence-driven approach that guides future decisions.
Building a marketing intelligence framework does not require a full reorganization or a new tech stack. The most effective teams start small, focus on real decisions, and build momentum through iteration.Â
‍To get started, focus on a short, practical set of steps:
‍Marketing intelligence is about making better decisions, faster, by connecting insight directly to action. When done well, it turns marketing into a strong strategic advantage.

At the market level, 2025 looked like a comeback year for DTC. Across Northbeam’s dataset, businesses increased ad spend and revenue by the mid‑teens on average, confirming that growth “returned” after a choppy few years.
But that story did not apply evenly. When you cut the data by company size, the sub‑$5M cohort emerges as the group that struggled most.
Our whitepaper findings are blunt: sub‑$5M businesses were hit hardest, with revenue declining YoY, despite posting the smallest increase in spend and seeing declines in both total and first‑time revenue. For these businesses, 2025 wasn’t a victory lap. It was a survival year.
Download the full Northbeam 2025 data report.

On a median basis, sub‑$5M businesses nudged spend up just +1.66%, but revenue fell –1.43% year over year. That alone tells a clear story: even modest attempts to grow were met with softer performance.
Underneath that:
In other words: early‑stage businesses paid more, brought in weaker traffic, and earned less on each incremental dollar of new revenue. The whitepaper summarizes this cohort as having a year “focused on cash preservation and margin protection rather than aggressive growth”, and the data backs that up.
The same macro forces hit everyone, but they landed hardest under $5M.
Across the customer base, growth in 2025 was unevenly distributed by size. Smaller businesses largely played defense, mid‑market advertisers pushed for disciplined expansion, and upper‑mid/enterprise cohorts drove most of the topline gains.
As you move up the revenue ladder, the pattern is consistent: more spend, more revenue, and higher first‑time CAC. Larger businesses could afford to trade efficiency for market share. Sub‑$5M businesses didn’t have that option; they faced the same auction pressure without the balance sheet or measurement maturity to lean in safely.
At the business‑performance level, 2025 was defined by:
That’s exactly the environment in which small businesses struggle most. When auctions are crowded, traffic is less intent‑rich, and new‑customer efficiency deteriorates, early‑stage operators can’t simply outbid competitors or wait for long payback windows. They’re forced into shorter‑runway decisions: pull back, protect cash, and accept slower top‑line progress.
Our whitepaper found that upper‑mid and enterprise businesses turned 2025 into a true step‑change year by using better measurement, creative, and channel strategy, even as acquisition costs rose.
The risk for sub‑$5M businesses is copying the shape of those strategies without the same infrastructure:
The result is exactly what the data shows: tiny spend increases, real revenue declines, and a year dominated by defensive moves.

If your revenue is under $5M and your 2025 feels like this picture, the good news is: you were not alone, and you were not imagining it. The bad news is that 2026 can’t just be “try again, but harder.”
The strategic recommendations section of the whitepaper is effectively a playbook for early‑stage businesses to turn survival into disciplined growth.
The first step is to get explicit:
For this cohort, that usually means prioritizing survival math first: protecting payback, contribution margin, and runway before chasing aggressive growth curves.
Because returning customers carried so much of 2025’s performance, we recommend evaluating first‑time MER and CAC independently from blended results.
For sub‑$5M businesses, this is non‑negotiable:
Based on our findings, IÂ recommend benchmarking by size and industry cohort, rather than against the entire market.
If you’re under $5M:
The goal isn’t to match the biggest players; it’s to move from the left tail of your own cohort toward the healthy middle.

Finally, the platform‑level data makes one more thing clear: as businesses spend more, they are forced to launch more ads, particularly on Meta, TikTok, Axon, Snap, and even Pinterest.
For sub‑$5M businesses, that doesn’t mean hundreds of creatives per month, but it does mean:
The whitepaper’s findings here are simple: scale creative systems before budgets. That’s doubly true when you’re under $5M and every mis‑spent dollar hurts.
Our 2025 Year in Review doesn’t sugarcoat things for early‑stage businesses: sub‑$5M operators saw revenue decline, MER compress, and acquisition costs rise, all while making only the smallest increases in spend. It was a year defined by cash preservation and margin protection, not hypergrowth.
But it also hands you a framework for what to do next:
For sub‑$5M businesses, that’s what moving from survival to disciplined, compounding growth actually looks like.

AOV, or Average Order Value, sits at the intersection of marketing efficiency, merchandising strategy, and customer experience.Â
In this guide, we break down AOV’s meaning, how to calculate AOV, why AOV matters, and the most common misconceptions teams make when trying to improve AOV.Â
Most importantly, we show how to increase AOV sustainably by treating it as a system-level metric, not a one-off upsell tactic.
AOV stands for Average Order Value. It measures the average dollar amount a customer spends each time they place an order on your site.Â
At its simplest, AOV answers one question: when someone buys, how much do they spend per transaction?

The basic AOV formula is straightforward: AOV = Total Revenue Ă· Number of Orders
Revenue typically includes all completed purchases within a defined period. Orders count each transaction, regardless of how many items are included.Â
Refunds, discounts, and taxes should be handled consistently so the metric reflects true commercial performance rather than accounting noise.
What AOV tells you is how effectively your pricing, merchandising, and cart experience encourage customers to add value to each purchase.Â
What it does not tell you is why customers bought, how many visitors converted, or whether those customers will return. A high AOV can coexist with low conversion, weak retention, or rising returns.
This is why AOV must be interpreted alongside related metrics. Without guardrails, AOV gains can mask deeper issues or create short-term wins at the expense of long-term growth.
AOV matters because it directly increases revenue without requiring more traffic. If conversion rate and traffic stay constant, even a modest lift in average order value translates into immediate revenue growth.Â
This makes average order value one of the most capital-efficient levers available to e-commerce teams, especially when paid acquisition costs are rising.
That efficiency becomes clearer when AOV is viewed alongside customer acquisition cost and margin. Higher AOV means each order absorbs fixed acquisition costs more effectively, improving contribution margin per transaction.Â
When margins are tight, increasing AOV can be the difference between scaling profitably and scaling losses, particularly in paid channels where CAC is difficult to control.
Small improvements compound over time. A 5% increase in AOV does not just raise short-term revenue: it can improve payback periods, allow more aggressive reinvestment in growth, and create room for better service or faster shipping.Â
‍Over thousands of orders, these gains add up quickly.
There are also situations where AOV matters more than conversion rate. For brands with strong intent traffic or loyal repeat customers, increasing order value can outperform marginal gains in conversion.Â

Using AOV correctly requires consistency, segmentation, and an understanding of how different customer behaviors affect the average.
Start with a clearly defined time period and a single source of truth for orders and revenue. Divide total completed purchase revenue by the number of orders in that same window.Â
Exclude canceled orders and handle refunds consistently, either netting them out of revenue or tracking them separately. The goal is a stable baseline you can trust before making changes.
Overall AOV hides important variation. Break it down by acquisition channel, device type, customer segment, and product category.Â
Paid social, email, and organic search often produce meaningfully different order values, as do mobile versus desktop shoppers. These differences help identify where AOV optimization will be most effective.
First-time customers usually have lower AOV due to trust barriers and limited familiarity. Returning customers often buy more per order and respond better to bundles or cross-sells.Â
Separating these groups prevents misleading conclusions and supports more targeted AOV strategies for e-commerce.
Cohort analysis shows how AOV evolves for customers acquired in the same period or campaign. This reveals whether AOV gains are sustainable or driven by short-term promotions that fade quickly.
Watch for distorted averages caused by heavy discounts, one-off bulk orders, or seasonality. Always interpret AOV alongside conversion, retention, and returns to avoid optimizing the wrong outcome.

The most effective AOV strategies increase order value by making the purchase more useful or more complete for the customer:
Bundles increase AOV by grouping complementary products into a single, higher-value offer. The strongest bundles solve a specific use case or workflow rather than simply discounting multiple items.Â
Clear value framing matters. Customers should immediately understand why buying the bundle is better than purchasing items individually.
Upsells work best when they are contextually relevant and timed carefully. In-cart recommendations, post-add confirmations, and checkout-side suggestions tend to perform better than aggressive pop-ups. The goal is to extend the customer’s intent, not interrupt it.
Free shipping thresholds are one of the most reliable ways to lift AOV. When set just above current average order value, they nudge customers to add one more item without feeling punitive. Thresholds should be tested and adjusted based on margin and fulfillment costs.
Tiered pricing rewards customers for buying more while preserving margin at higher quantities. This approach works well for consumables and replenishable products, where customers already anticipate repeat use.
Personalized recommendations tied to cart contents or past purchases feel more helpful than generic suggestions. Even simple rules-based personalization can outperform static cross-sells.
Too many offers, discounts, or choices can overwhelm shoppers and suppress conversion. Track conversion rate, returns, and repeat purchase behavior alongside AOV to ensure gains are sustainable rather than extractive.
Once foundational AOV tactics are in place, more advanced gains often come from subtle changes in merchandising, user experience, and pricing signals that shape how customers perceive value.
Anchoring influences how customers evaluate price by providing a reference point.Â
Showing a higher-priced option first, highlighting “most popular” tiers, or displaying original prices alongside bundled offers can make mid-range carts feel more reasonable without relying on deep discounts.
Placement matters as much as pricing. Featuring higher-value products earlier in category pages, within collections, or as defaults in bundles increases their visibility and likelihood of inclusion.Â
This works best when placement aligns with customer intent rather than feeling promotional.
Subscriptions can meaningfully increase AOV by converting single purchases into predictable, multi-item or multi-period commitments.
Replenishment prompts tied to usage patterns or reorder timing reduce friction and raise average order value while supporting retention.
Larger carts increase perceived risk. Reviews, ratings, guarantees, and delivery transparency reduce hesitation and give customers confidence to spend more in a single transaction. Trust signals are especially important near cart and checkout.
Advanced AOV optimization requires disciplined experimentation. Prioritize tests based on potential impact and risk, and evaluate results alongside conversion, retention, and return rates to ensure gains reflect real value creation rather than short-term distortion.
AOV optimization can backfire when it is pursued without regard for conversion, retention, or customer trust.Â
Aggressive upsells, forced bundles, or constant discounting may raise order value in the short term while suppressing conversion rates, increasing returns, or reducing repeat purchases.Â
These trade-offs often show up quietly: a rising AOV paired with declining customer satisfaction, longer payback periods, or higher refund rates.
Warning signs include first-time customers failing to return, post-promotion AOV collapsing, or customer support volume increasing around pricing and fulfillment.Â
In these cases, optimizing for revenue per visitor, repeat purchase rate, or customer lifetime value may be more appropriate than pushing order size.Â
The goal is not to maximize AOV at all costs, but to balance near-term gains with long-term value creation, ensuring higher orders reflect genuine customer benefit rather than friction or pressure.
Tracking AOV in isolation creates blind spots. Sustainable improvements require clear guardrails, supporting metrics, and shared standards across teams.
Improving AOV consistently requires the right data foundation, analysis capabilities, and cross-team coordination.
Sustainable AOV growth comes from aligning pricing, merchandising, and experience in ways that genuinely serve the customer, not just squeeze out every last drop of value.Â
The most effective teams treat AOV as a system-level lever, informed by data, protected by guardrails, and tested continuously alongside conversion, retention, and lifetime value.
